Trauma-informed Design
Trauma definition
and why it is a problem
People experiencing homelessness have been subjected to trauma in their lives. Trauma is “an event, series of events, or set of circumstances experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or life-threatening with lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being” (SAMHSA, 2014).
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Poverty is a strong cause of stress leading to trauma, and approximately 2.1 billion people live in extreme poverty worldwide. Crime, mental disorders, violence, and racial discrimination are contributors to trauma. This condition is often the reason that people engage in coping responses such as withdrawal, denial, emotional outbursts, or substance abuse. This situation can last many years and is difficult to overcome.
Trauma-informed Design
Trauma-informed design emerged alongside the trauma-informed care movement stemming from the social work and psychology fields. This approach is grounded in an understanding of the impacts of trauma. It emphasizes the physical, psychological, and emotional safety of both survivors and providers and creates opportunities for survivors to rebuild a sense of control and empowerment (Hopper, Bassuk, & Olivet, 2010).
The broad goal of trauma-informed design is to support a ‘wraparound’ recovery environment that includes the built environment itself along with training, therapies and other support activities for people in need.
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Principles of trauma-informed design provide actionable guidance intended to help preserve people’s dignity and personal control in the physical environment.
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Trauma and
Built Environment
Trauma-informed design is important because it may help lower a person’s emotional stress or tension that they are feeling and allow successfully move forward with their lives.
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Trauma-informed environments can increase levels of safety for survivors and reduce the incidence and frequency of emotional outbursts or coping behaviors. Such environments may also reduce the likelihood of re-traumatization. Through trauma-informed design’s application to architectural projects may also improve outcomes regarding mental health and substance abuse behaviors.
(SAMHSA, 2014).
View the TED talk
The papers below feature Trauma-informed Design research summaries and guidelines prepared by our partners, Shopworks Architecture and their research team, the Center for Housing and Homelessness Research at the University of Denver, Group14 Engineering, and Bryn Mawr College.
This paper provides an overview of Trauma-informed Design framework and offers a roadmap for designing spaces that support the somatic regulation, recovery, and restoration of end users.
This pamphlet presents a brief primer on the body-space-trauma relationship, introduces principles for trauma-informed architecture, features some examples of built work, and informs what amenities residents and staff may need to help regulate the body and support therapeutic approaches.